Kasi Charging Sono Ni Vichi?
Kasitomala wakuwoneka na spec sheet wakufumba usange ŵangalipira pa 1C. Ungapanga. Kweni 1C ni silingi, nkhwakukhozgera yayi. Ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakupokera yayi mphambano iyi, panji ŵakupokera kweni ŵakuŵikako mahara yayi. Mpaka batire lifwe mwaluŵiro ndipo munthu munyake wakwenera kulongosora ivyo vikanangika.
Charging current ni umo mukukankhira magesi mwaluŵiro mu batire. Ma ampere. Kuwona amps pera nkhwambura nchito, mukwenera kuwona ubwezi na nkhongono. 100Ah batiri pa 100A ni 1C, theoretically wakuzura mu ora limoza. Pa 50A iyo ni 0.5C, maora ghaŵiri. Selo ya 18650 iyo yikupimika pa 2600mAh, 0.5C yikung’anamura 1.3A. C-rate ni nthowa yakumanyikwa ya mafakitale yakuyaniska mabatire ghakupambanapambana pa msinkhu wakuyana waka.
Mabatire ghanandi gha lithiamu ghakuchita makora pa 0.5C ghakugwiriskira nchito zuŵa na zuŵa. Tikupanga mabatire gha forklift nyengo yitali mwakukwana kuti tiwone mapaketi ghanandi ghakukomeka na 1C charge. Kuyowoya kuti 1C yingagwira ntchito yayi, nyengo yichoko waka njakwenelera, kweni pamanyuma pa mzere wa mazana ghanayi panji ghankhondi mphambano yikuwoneka. Mapaketi gha 0.5C ghachali kuthamanga mwa nkhongono, gha 1C ghakukhira kale nkhongono. Mungalongosora chemistry vyose ivyo mukukhumba, ŵanthu ŵakugomezga yayi mpaka ŵawone data kufuma ku ngalaŵa zawo.
Chifukwa wuli ivi vikuchitika? Lithium ions zikwenera kunjilirapo mu vigaŵa vya graphite pa anode para zikulipira. Current chomene, ma ayoni ghangakwaniska yayi kuŵika mzere mwaluŵiro mwakukwana kuti ghanjiremo, ghakuwunjika pa charu chapasi nga ni lithiamu wa chisulo m'malo mwake. Litiyamu wachitsulo wakukula kuŵa dendrites, wakuponya kwizira mu separator, mkati mwakufupika, kutentha kwakutchimbira. Nkhani za pa fakitare ya mabatire zikupangiska nkhani myezi yichoko waka sono. Vifukwa vinandi kanandi, kweni nkhani za kulipira zikuwoneka mu kusanda kwa mizu kanandi kuluska umo ŵakupanga ŵakutemwera kuzomerezga.
Kulipira batire la lithiamu kuli na masiteji ghatatu.
Waliyose mu bizinesi wakumanya ivi kweni ni wose yayi awo ŵakuŵikapo mtima pa vyose vitatu ivi.
Pambere - kulipira
Voltage pasi pa 3V, mungayitimba yayi na magesi ghose. Anode vinthu kapangidwe kakupokera kusakhazikika pambuyo pa kutuluka kwakuya, kukakamiza sono mu vikupangiska kunanga kwambura kusinthika. Pre-charge stage yikugwiriskira nchito pafupifupi 10% ya magesi ghakwenelera, pachokopachoko yikuweleska magesi. Panji 0.05C mpaka magesi ghakuchira pachanya pa mzere. Ma charger ghanandi ghakutchipa ghakujumphizga ichi chose. Batiri yikukhala nyengo yose ya chiwuvi mu nyumba yakusungiramo katundu yambura kutenthemeska, magesi ghakukhira kufika pa 2-point-something, spring yikwiza ndipo munthu munyake wakuyiŵika mwaluŵiro pa magesi ghose. Pakati pajumpha myezi 6 masuzgo ghakwamba kuwoneka. Tikuwona ndondomeko iyi chaka chilichose kufuma ku makasitomala ŵa kumpoto. Kudumbiskana kwakuyana waka, ivyo vikufumamo vikuyana waka.
Nyengo zose
Nyengo zose sono siteji wachita kulemera kukwezga. Current yikukhala yakukhazikika apo magesi ghakukwera, 0.5C yikumupangiskani kuti mufike pafupifupi 80% mu maora ghaŵiri. Apa ndipo nkhongono zinandi zikunjira. Palije vinandi vyakuti tilongosore pa cigaŵa ici, cikugwira nchito umo mungagomezgera.
Voltage yakukhalilira
Siteji ya magesi nyengo zose ndiyo ŵanthu ŵakutemwa kudumpha. Pamanyuma pakuti magesi yafika padenga - 4.2V pa selo ya makemikolo ya ternary nga ni NMC, 3.65V ya LFP-sono yikwenera kuchepa payokha. Voltage yikukhalilira, nyengo yasono yikukhira apo selo yikusendelera kuzura, kumara pafupifupi 0.01C. Pakuti 2600mAh 18650 iyo yikung'anamura pafupifupi 26mA pa umaliro chomene. Siteji iyi yikutora pafupifupi ora limoza. Para mukuwonelera wotchi ndipo mukukhumba kuti forklift yiwelere pasi, chigaŵa ichi chikufupikizgika. 10-15% undercharged panji mukuŵika mtima pa cathode kuyezgayezga kukakamiza nkhongono zinandi mu.
Chinthu chakutentha
Kutentha kukusintha vinthu. Electrolyte yakuzizima ndiyo yikukhozga, ma ayoni ghakwenda makora yayi. 0.5C yimoza iyo yikugwira ntchito makora pa kutentha kwa chipinda yingapangiska kuti lithiamu yiŵe pasi pa kuzizima. Mapulogalamu ghakusungirako vinthu vyakuzizima na ghakusungiramo vinthu mu firiji ghakukhumbikwira mabatire agho ghali na vyakutenthemeska. Makasitomala ŵakughanaghana kuti kutenthemeska ni mtengo wambura kukhumbikwa m’paka apo mabatire ghafwe mwaluŵiro. Pamanyuma ŵakwiza na kufumba chifukwa icho palije uyo wakaŵachenjezga. Tikaŵachenjezga nadi. Pepala la spec likuti mtundu wa kutentha kwakugwira ntchito chifukwa cha chifukwa.
LFP yikuchitira nkhaza makora chomene kuluska ternary, chigaŵa chimoza cha chifukwa icho yikulamulira pakuchitira vinthu sono. Maselo ghanyake ghakupimika kuti ghakulipira 15C. Kukwaniska kuchitapo kanthu kukung’anamura kuti wakwenera kuchita yayi. Tikachitanga mayeso ghakuyaniska, 1C vs 0.5C nyengo yitali kulipira, vyaka viŵiri vyakuyana na njinga. Kupambana kwa nkhongono kukaŵa 8-12% kuyana na umo kutentha kukalongozgekera makora. Catastrophic yayi kweni iyo ni ndalama zenizeni para mukuwona ndalama zakusintha ngalaŵa.
Ngozi yakugwira ntchito
Nkhani yinyake iyo yikwiza nyengo zose njakuyana na charger. Chaja cha 0.5C icho chikupangika kuti chiŵe na 200Ah chikufumiska 100A. Sinthani mu 100Ah m'malo mwa batiri ndipo mwamabuchibuchi muli pa 1C kwali mukakhumbanga nthena panji yayi. Kuchitika nyengo zose pa nyengo yakusintha vipangizo na kusintha mabatire. Palije uyo wakuwona usange chaja ichi nchakwenelera pa paketi yiphya. Batiri yikugwira ntchito makora m’paka apo yikuleka kugwira ntchito.
Pali mazgu ghakuti mu bizinesi ya mabatire gha forklift, mtengo wa mabatire ni 30% ya galimoto yose. OSHA ili na malango ghakumanyikwa ghakukhwaskana na malo ghakulipilira, 1910.178, ivyo vikukhumbikwa kuti mphepo ya haidrojeni yiŵepo, malo ghakugezeramo maso, umo asidi wakutayikira. Nyengo ya Lead-acid ivi vikaŵa vyakukhumbikwa chifukwa mphepo ya haidrojeni iyo yikuwungana pa nyengo yakulipiliska yikuphulika. Lithium nyengo suzgo la haidrojeni likafumapo kweni chiopsezo cha kuthaŵa kwa kutentha chikasintha waka. Ngozi yakupambana, yikukhumbikwiraso kuŵikako mahara.
Kulipira sono ni nambala waka pa pepala la spec. Kuseri kwake kuli utali wa nyengo iyo batire linu likukhalira ndiposo usange chinthu chinyake chikunangika pambere chikwenera kuchitika yayi. Penjani chisankho chakwenelera para mukulongosora vipangizo, vyakutchipa kuluska kusintha mabatire para masuzgo ghawoneka.
