Kasi Msinkhu wa Kususkika nchivichi?

Nthowa yakufumiskiramo mabatire ni chinthu chapadera chomene mu ma charger gha mabatire agho ghakuwuskapo mtundu wa sulfate crystal purkup kufuma pa mbale za lead -}acid mabatire. Para mlongozgi {2}acid batire likukhala mu nyengo yitali, makristalo agha ghakukhora pa mbale za batire na kukanizga batire kuti lileke kuzomera panji kuŵa na charge. Nthowa yakufumiskiramo ndalama yikugwiriskira ncito upradent high - motol pulses kuti yiphwanye makristalo agha na kuwezgerapo luso lwa batire lwa kugwira nchito.

Ivyo vikupangiska kuti munthu waŵe na suzgo la Battery .

Sulfation yikuchitika kwizira mu vyakuchitika vya makemikolo vyakuzomerezgeka mukati mwa mlongozgi-asidi. Para mukufumiska batiri ya lead{2}}acid, electrolyte (sulfuric acid na maji) yikuchita na mbale za lead kuti vipangiske sulfate ya lead sulfate na kufwatura nkhongono za magesi. Pa nyengo ya kuŵikaso magesi, ndondomeko iyi yikusintha, kusintha sulfate yakulongozga kuzgoka vinthu vyakugwira ntchito.

Suzgo ili likuyamba apo mabatire ghakukhala pacoko waka panji ghakukwana. Makristalo ghachoko gha sulface gha lead agho ghakupangika pa nyengo ya kugwiriskira ncito mwakwenelera ghakwamba kukura na kukhozga. Makristalo agha ghakukhora ghakususkana na ndondomeko ya kulipilira ndipo ghakumatira ku mbale za mabatire kwamuyirayira. Pakupita kwa nyengo, kuzenga uku kukucepeskako nkhongono za batire na kugwira nchito.

Vinthu vinandi ivyo vikuchitika vikupangiska kuti munthu waŵe na suzgo:

Sungani kwambura kuŵika magesikupanga sulfation yiheni chomene. Batiri uyo wakhalako kwa masabata ghachoko waka myezi yichoko waka, nangauli pakwamba wali na charge, wazamujifumiska yekha -" discharge na kupanga makristalo gha sulfate. Para vikukhala nyengo yitali, makristalo agha ghakuŵa ghakusuzga.

Kulipiliskakuleskera batire kuti lisinthe chomene sulfate ya lead sulfate ku vinthu ivyo vikuchitika. Mulimo uliwose uwo ukukwana yayi ukuleka sulfate yinandi pa mbale.

Kufumiska kwakuyakuti kuponya mphamvu ya batire pasi pa 10.5V kukupangiska kuti sulfation yiŵe yakuchimbira mwaluŵiro. Kusalingana kwa kemiko kwakujumphizga kukupangiska kuti paŵe makristalo ghakuru agho ghakupanga mwaluŵiro.

Kutentha kwakukwanapamwamba pa 75℃F kaŵiri chiŵelengero cha sulfation pa 10-degine kuwonjezeka. Kutentha kukupangiska kuti wose ŵaŵe ŵakujifumiska na kupanga kristalo.

Para sulfation yikufika pa vigaŵa vyapachanya, batire likulongora vimanyikwiro vyakuwonekerathu. Kuponya nkhongono kukukhira kwakuwoneka. Kulipira kukutora nyengo yitali chomene kuluska umo vikuŵira. Batiri iyi yingaŵa yakutentha pa nyengo ya charge. Voltage yikukhira mwaluŵiro pasi pa katundu. Mu milandu yikuru, kuŵazga kwa voltermeter pa batire "likulipiliska" kukulongora waka 12.0-12.2V m'malo mwa mtundu wa umoyo uwemi wa 12.6-12.8V.

Umo Kusuzga Kugwira Ntchito

Nthowa yakufumiskiramo vinthu yikugwiriskira ncito nthowa ya kukolera ya pulse kuti yileke kuŵa na makristalo gha sulfate. Charger yikupereka pachanya- volvoltage magesi pulses - chomenechomene 15-20V kwa batire la 12V - pa nyengo yakukwera kweni amperage yakucepa. Ma pulse agha ghakupanga kugwedezeka pa msinkhu wa maselo agho ghakung’amba kapangikiro ka kristalo.

Nthowa iyi yikupambana chomene na kulipira kwakwenelera. Kuchajira kwakumanyikwa kukugwiriskira ncito magesi ghakukhazikika pafupifupi 14.4V kuti kukankhire nkhongono mu batire. Kusungunula kukulima ku 15-20V kwa kanyengo, ndipo pamanyuma kubwerera kumbuyo. Ici cikucitika mwakupambanapambana, cikukhwaska comene makristalo gha sulfate ghakusuzga kwambura kutenthemeska comene batire.

Maji ghakupambanapambana ghakugwiriskira ncito kuŵika pa malo ghanyake mu nthowa zakupambanapambana:

Kusuzga kwakujiyimira paŵekha kwa ndondomeko zakujiyimira paŵekha.manya mabatire gha sulfated mwa kuyezga luso lwawo lwa kuzomera malipiro pa magesi ghakuzomerezgeka. Para charger yikugwiriskira ncito 14V ndipo yikupulika pafupifupi kwambura kuseŵera, yikumanya kuti yikulimbana na sulfation yikuru. Pamanyuma pake chaja chikusintha mwaŵene ku mtundu wa desulfation. Para batire layamba kuzomera malipiro, dongosolo likusintha ku vigaŵa vyakulipiliska.

Mapulogiramu ghakusuzgankhukhumba kuti musankhe malo. Ivi kanandi vikuchitika kwa nyengo yakukhazikika - maora 24 gha ma charger gha Black + Decker, panji mpaka maora ghaŵiri gha mitundu ya Battery Sitter. Charger yikugwiriskira ncito ma pulses mu nyengo yose iyi, ndipo pamanyuma pake yikuyezga usange batire lawelera mwakukwana.

Nthowa zakulutilira kuzizipizga .kufuma ku makampani nga ni PulseTech ghakugwiriskira ncito kucepa kwa ŵanthu ŵacoko waka- msinkhu wa kucedwa nyengo zose apo mabatire na pa nyengo yakusungirako. Nthowa iyi yikupangiska kuti sulfation yizengeke m’malo mwa kuzipwelelera pamanyuma pa unenesko.

Mafunde ya pulse ceneko njakuzirwa comene. Kuwuskapo kwakukhora kukukhumbikwira kuti nyengo yakukwera kwa pulse yiŵe yakukwana, kukura, pafupipafupi, na ampilude. Kafukufuku wakulongora kuti mabatire ghakulongozga ghakulongozga 2-6 megahertz. Mapulses ghakuyana na nchito iyi ya pafupipafupi ghakugwira ntchito makora chomene pa kuphwanya mabondi gha kristalo.

Pa nyengo ya desulfation, makristalo gha sulfate ghakusweka mu vigaŵa vichokovichoko na kusungunuraso mu electrolyte yankho. Nthowa iyi yikutora nyengo chifukwa vigaŵa vya kristalo wakukhora vikwenera kuphwanyika pachokopachoko. Mabatire ghachoko na sulfation yichoko ghangachira mu maora 48. Mabatire ghakuru na sulfation yikuru ghangakhumbikwira kuti ghapokere masabata 2-4, ndipo batire pa mtengo wa trickle pa nyengo yose ya desulfation.

Mitundu ya mabatire na Kusuzga

Nthowa yakufumiskiramo yikugwiriskira ncito waka kuti yilongozge -asidi kemiko. Ivi vikusazgapo mabatire ghakusefukira (maselo ghakunyeŵa), mabatire gha AGM (Absorbed Galass Mat), mabatire gha gel, na kunozga -}} yaulere ya lead -}}} apa. Vinthu vyose ivi vikugwiriskira ncito mbale za lead na sulfuric acid electrolyte, ndipo vikuŵapangiska kuti ŵaŵe na sulfation.

Mabatire gha Lithiamu {{0}pafupifupi ghakukumana na sulfation yayi.Ici cikwimira mphambano yikuru mu chemistry. Lithiamu{{1}" mabatire ghakusunga nkhongono mwa kuseŵezeska lithiamu pakati pa graphite na vitsulo oxide electrodes kwizira mu electrolyte ya maji. Palije sulfuric acid iyo yilipo mu ndondomeko, ndipo palije mtundu wa sulfate wa lead sulfate pa nyengo ya nyengo yakufumiskika.

Usange muli na alithiamu ion batire, muzamusanga yayi mtundu wa kufipiska chifukwa chinthu ichi chikugwira ntchito yayi. Mabatire gha Lithium ghakukumana na masuzgo ghakupambanapambana - charging chomene, kufunyapo mwakuya chomene pasi pa magesi ghachoko waka, ndipo kutentha kwakujumphizga kungananga, kweni sulfation ni pakati pa vinthu ivi yayi.

Kupambana uku nkhwakuzirwa para mukusankha mabatire na ma charger:

Kwa mabatire gha magalimoto, magalimoto ghanandi ghachali kugwiliskira ntchito-acid chemistry. Batiri ya galimoto yinu yingasanga phindu kufuma ku kuseŵa usange yakhala iyo yikugwiriskirika nchito yayi mu nyengo ya chiwuvi panji kutaya nchito kufuma ku kugwiriskira ncito mwambura kukhazikika. Wonani mtundu wa batire yinu pambere mundaseŵezeske mtundu wa kusefa.

Kwa nyanja na RV njira, muzamukumana na wose ŵaŵiri. Deep- stempote-} asid mabatire gha ndondomeko za nyumba ghangasungunuka para ghasungika pakati pa maulendo. Kweni, ndondomeko za lithium zikupangiska chomene kuti paŵe kulongozga -acid mu RVs na maboti chifukwa chakuti zikuleka sulfation na kupereka kuzama makora kwa kutuluka.

Pa vipangizo vya magesi na magesi, lithiamu{0}}yoni yikulamulira. Mabatire ghinu gha drill ghambura chingwe, mabatire gha laputopu, na mabatire gha pa foni ghakugwiriskira ncito lithiamu chemistry ndipo ghakukhumbikwira yayi kuseŵa.

Pa dongosolo la solar na backup systems systems, vyose viŵiri vya tekinoloje vikuchita mpikisano. Lead-acici mabatire yikuguliska pachoko waka pakwamba kweni yikukhumbikwira kusungika nyengo zose na kuseŵezeskeka. Mabatire gha Lithiamu ghakudura pakwamba kweni ghakuwuskapo kunozga na kupereka umoyo utali kwambura kufipa mtima.

Kupulikiska kemiko yinu ya batiri kukukanizga kutaya nyengo pa kuyezgayezga kwa kuphwanya kwambura kukhumbikwa. Chakuzirwa chomene ntchakuti, chikukanizga kunanga - kugwiriskira ncito ma pulse ghakufipiska ku mabatire gha lithiamu kungapangiska kuti paŵe maseŵero ghakuvikilira panji, mu nyengo ziheni comene, kupangiska kutupa panji kutenthemeska.

Para mungagwiliskira ntchito

Desulfation yikugwira ntchito makora chomene nga ni umo vikuŵira mwaluŵiro. Nyengo iyo mwawona kuti batire likugwira ntchito, kuthamanga msinkhu wa kukhuŵara kukupereka mwaŵi ukuru wakuti munthu wachire.

Kusunga nyengokupanga mikhaliro yiwemi yakuyezga kuseŵa. Pambere mundasungire njinga zamoto, maboti, panji magalimoto gha nyengo ya nyengo ya chiwuvi, kulipira batire mwakukwana na kuchimbira pa msinkhu wakufipirwa usange charger yinu yikupereka. Pa nyengo iyo ŵakawezgerangako vinthu ivyo ŵasunga, mabatire ghambura kukhumbikwa agho ghakhala kwa myezi 3-4 nangauli ghasungika mwakukwana.

Kuyezga kuponoskapa mabatire agho ghali kufumiskika chomene ndipo ghakulongora kuti ghali na mulandu. Usange mungaleka magesi gha mukati gha galimoto yinu pa usiku wose ndipo batire lingayamba yayi galimoto nangauli mwayezga kulipilika, mtundu wa desulfation ungachira. Batiri likwenera kulongora mphamvu - chomenechomene pachanya pa 2V pa batire la 12V. Pansi pa mzere uwo, kunanga kwa mukati kungaŵa kwakukhora chomene.

Kucemika kwa kucitalikulongora kuti pakukhumbikwa kufipiska. Para batire ilo kale likakhwaskanga injini yinu mwakukhora sono likusintha yayi, panji para batire ilo likalipiliska kwa masabata ghanandi sono likuluta ku malo ghakuphapha, sulfation yikwenera kuti yikanjira.

Nyengo zikukhumbikwa chomene. Sulfation yiphya iyo yikapangika kwa mazuŵa panji masabata ghakuzgora makora para munthu wakusoŵa. Vinthu vyakupangika na kristalo vilije nkhongono chomene. Mabatire agho ghakaŵa kuti ghafumiskika kwa myezi panji vyaka, ghali na sulfation ya crystalline yakukhalilira iyo palije unandi wa kupukuta uwo ungasintha chomene.

Batiri likwenera kulekeka ku magalimoto panji vipangizo pa nyengo ya kuseŵa. Vinthu vya magesi vya galimoto vikupanga vichoko waka vya sonosono ivyo vikutimbanizga ndondomeko ya desulfation. Nanga ni wotchi ya dashibodi iyo yikutora miliams yichoko waka yikukanizga ma charger ghanyake kuti ghaleke kunjira mu desulfation mode, chifukwa ŵakung’anamura kuti chithuzithuzi chilichose cha sonosono apa nga ni chilongolero chakuti batire li sulfated yayi.

Kuchenjera kwa chivikiliro kukugwira ntchito mu ndondomeko yose. Mabatire ghakufumiskiramo maji mu malo ghakukhora - ventilated chifukwa ndondomeko iyi yingapanga mphepo ya haidrojeni. Kuwoneseska kutentha kwa mabatire- kutentha kwakujumphizga kukulongora masuzgo. Wonani maji mu mabatire ghakuzura na maji pambere mundambe na kuzuzgika na maji ghakupangika na maji usange vikukhumbikwa. Lekani kusiya desulfalve kuthamanga kwambura kuzgoŵezgeka kwa nyengo yakwamba mpaka apo mwakhozgera kuti batire na chaja vikugwira ntchito makora pamoza.

Kugwira ntchito na Kuchepeska

Nthowa yakufumiskiramo vinthu yikupanga vyakuchitika vyambura kukolerana ivyo vikuthemba chomene pa sulfation na nyengo.

Viŵelengero vyakupambana vikupambana chomene.Malipoti gha mu munda ghakulongora kuti mabatire ghakupokera mabatire agho ghakawonekanga kuti ghafwa chomene, ndipo awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito mabatire ghakupokeraso ntchito ghakugwira ntchitoso pamanyuma pakuti ŵasungika kuti ŵafumemo kwa vyaka viŵiri. Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakugwiliskira ntchito desulfalfication ŵakupangiska kuti ŵaleke kuŵa ŵakupambana, chomenechomene na mabatire agho ghakusuzgika na kupwetekeka kwa thupi m’malo mwa sulfation yakutowa.

Vinthu vinandi ivyo vikupangiska kuti munthu waŵe na suzgo ili, wawovwirenge:

Msinkhu wa batire ukukhazikika pambere undafike pa mtunda wa sulfation. Batiri yiphya iyo yikusungunuka kufuma ku malo ghakusungirako kanandi yikuchira kufika pa 75-95% ya nkhongono zakwambilira. Batiri yakale iyo yili pafupi na umaliro wa umoyo wake wakumanyikwa uwo pamanyuma pake sulfated ungasangaso 40-50% pera nkhongono panji yayi.

Mtundu wa sulfation ukupangiska mphambano. Kususkika kwa sulfal kufuma ku kufumiskika kwasonosono kukuzgora ku wovwiri wa desulfation. Kusungunuka kwa kristalo kwakukhalilira kufuma ku kutuluka kwa nyengo yitali kungasinthika yayi mwakukwana. Suzgo lili pa kumanya mtundu uwo mukuchita nawo pambere mundaŵike maora mu ndondomeko ya kufipiska.

Nkhanipafupi na nkhongono ya kufipiska. Ŵanthu awo ŵakupanga mabatire ŵali na maghanoghano ghakupambanapambana. Ŵanyake ŵakuwona kuti kuŵika mtima pa pulse ni nthowa yakwenelera yakuchizgira. Ŵanyake, nga ni Battery Tender, kupeŵa mwakudunjika vigaŵa vya desulfation, kugazgana na pulses batire mbale zakusuzga ndipo zingapangiska kuti paŵe kupwetekeka kwa nyengo yitali - nyengo yitali kuluska kuwemi. Iwo ŵakuyaniska na kupindika pepala cliplip na kuwelera - mungachinyoloska kwa nyengo yichoko waka, kweni mukulowera na kukhotakhota kulikose.

Ukaboni wa sayansi ukukhalilira kwambura kukolerana. Nangauli luso lwa pulse lukuphwanya makristalo gha sulfate mu mikhaliro ya labotale, - charu cha charu vikuthemba pa vinthu vinandi chomene kuti vimanyikwe makora. Nkhwantha zinyake zikukayikiska usange vikuwoneka kuti "vikuwoneka" kufuma ku desulfation vikwimira waka kusintha kwa nyengo yichoko waka uko kukunanga mwaluŵiro.

Nanga mpharinya yakupambana makora yili na mphaka.Mungawezgerapo yayi batire kufika pa 100% ya nkhongono zake zakwambilira. Nthowa yakufumiskiramo vyakurya iyo yikupangiska kuti mbale zinangike. Sulfation iyo yikakhala nyengo yitali yikupangiska kusintha kwanyengo zose kwa kapangikiro ka mbale. Batiri iyo yasangika kwizira mu kuŵika mafuta pa thupi yikwenera kuti yizamuŵa na umoyo ufupi wa umoyo kuluska uwo ungasuskika yayi.

Nthowa zinyake zilipo. Ŵanthu ŵanyake awo ŵakusambizga vya tekinoloje ŵakutemwa chomene kuŵika pa 2.50-2.66V pa selo kwa maora 24 m’malo mwa kukhuŵara kwa pulse. Ŵanyake ŵakugwiliskira nchito vyakusazgapo vya kemiko nga ni mchere wa Epsom, nangauli ivyo vikusangika vikulutilira kucedwa. Nthowa yakugomezgeka chomene nkhuteteza kwizira mu kuŵika magesi nyengo zose na kupeŵa kufumiskika kwakunyang’amira.

Mtengo -uwemi kusanthulankhwakuzirwa. Kuyezgayezga kwa kufipiska kukupangiska kuti mabatire ghakudura - mabatire gha mu nyanja - mabatire ghakuzungulira, mabatire ghakuru gha AGM gha ndondomeko ya zuŵa, panji mabatire gha magalimoto ghapachanya. Pa mabatire gha galimoto ghambura kudura, kanandi ŵakusintha vinthu vichoko waka kuluska nyengo iyo ŵakuyezga kuchira. Mabatire agho ghakujumpha vyaka 5-7, nyengo zichoko waka ghakulongora kuti ŵanthu ŵakuyezgayezga kuchita vinthu mwambura kwenelera kwambura kupwelerako za mtengo wake.

Mafumbo Ghakuwongera

Kasi ningagwiliskira nchito nthowa yakufumiskiramo vinthu pa batire lakufwa comene?

Nthowa yakufumiskiramo yikukhumbikwira magesi gha batiri, chomenechomene 2-6V pa batire la 12V. Pansi pa mzere uwu, batire lingaŵa na short ya mukati panji kunanga kuluska kuchira. Yezgani kuŵika magesi na charger yakumanyikwa pakwamba - usange batire likuzomerezga mtengo uliwose, mbwenu mtundu wa desulfation ungawovwira.

Kasi ningachita nyengo yitali wuli ya kufipiska?

Duration yikupambana chifukwa cha kupanga charger na batiri. Nthowa zakujiyimira paŵekha zikuchimbira m’paka apo ŵasange kusintha, kanandi maora 2-48. Mabatire gha sulfate ghangakhumbikwira masabata 3-4 na chaja mwakuyana waka na chipangizo cha desulfator. Kuwoneseska kuti mukuluta panthazi sabata yiliyose mwa kusinthiska magesi gha batire na kuzomerezga.

Kasi desulfation yizamugwira ntchito ku AGM panji mabatire gha gel?

Enya, kuseŵezeskeka kukugwira ntchito mu mtundu wose wa lead-} acid mitundu kusazgapo maselo gha AGM na gel. Mabatire agha ghakujalirika nga ni mabatire ghakusefukira kweni kanandi ghakuzgora makora para ghamara kufunyapo chifukwa ghandasuzgike na maji ghapasi. Gwiliskirani nchito ma charger ghakupimika mwakupambanapambana gha mabatire gha AGM / gel apo ghakugwiriskira ncito magesi ghakwenelera.

Kasi nchamachitiko kuleka batire ilo likukolerana na galimoto pa nyengo ya desulfation?

Yayi, lekani kulumikizga batire la waya pa galimoto pambere mundafumepo. Nanga ni vithuzithuzi vichoko waka ivyo vikupokera kufuma ku mawotchi, ma alamu, panji vigaŵa vyakulongozgera vikukanizga vinyake ivyo vikujumpha mu mtundu wa desulfation. Mapulse gha magesi ghakukwera agho ghakugwiriskirika nchito pakufipiska ghangananga vinthu vya magesi vyakuzirwa vya galimoto usange ghangaleka kulumikizgika.

Kupangiska kuti Kususka

Nthowa yakufumiskiramo yikwimira chida chimoza pakati pa ŵanandi pakutambasura lead - acid umoyo wa batire, kweni ni munkhwala wakuziziswa yayi. Ghanaghaniranipo nga ni munkhwala wakuchizga mabatire - ungawezgerapo ntchito yinyake yakutayika usange ukugwiriskirika nchito pa nyengo yakwenelera, kweni ungasinthiska yayi vyose ivyo vyanangika panji kugwira ntchito pa mulwari waliyose.

Mtengo weneco wa desulfication ukugona pa kunozga malo ghakuvikilira m’malo mwa kugwira ntchito za kuponoska. Chargers izo zili na vigaŵa vyakujiŵikamo vyakujiyimira paŵekha ivyo vikulutilira pa nyengo yakusungirako vikukanizga sulfation kuti yileke kuŵa yakukhora. Pa nyengo iyo mukuyezga kusanga batire la sulfated ilo lakhalako kwa myezi yinandi, kupambana kukuŵa kwambura kupwelerako za nthowa.

Kusankha kwanu kwa batire kukukhumbikwa chomene kuluska nthowa yiliyose yakuchizgikira. Nthowa zinyake za Lithium zikuwuskapo vyakukhwaskana na sulfation yose, nangauli pa mtengo wakukwera pakwamba. Pa mapulogalamu agho ghakulongozga {{{{il)}}ocid ghakupangiska kuti paŵe fundo pa nkhani ya chuma, kuŵika ndalama mu ma charger ghawemi na nthowa zakwenelera zakunozga kukuleskera masuzgo ghanandi gha sulfation pambere ghandambe.

Malo

Yunivesite ya Batiri- BU-804b: Kufika na Mmene Kukanizga (batteryuniversity.com)

Battery Guy- Batiri ya Nthano ya Mtsinje za Mbuzi ya Mtsinje na Vinthu vyakuzirwa (batteryguy.com)

BLACK+DKER Wovwiri - Nthowa zakufumiskiramo (wovwiri.fipa.com)

Nthowa Yakwendeskera- Batiri ya Charger MPL50 ya Desulfation Mode (mkomba wa- redirect.com)

Munthu uyo ​​wakutemwa batire- Chifukwa wuli Kulimbana na Batiri Kugwiliskira Ntchito Kugwiliskira Ntchito yayi (batterytender.com)

ChargingChargers.com - Mabatire Ghakukhwaskana na Kuchedwa (chargingchargerrs.com)

Polinovel- Kasi Sulfation ya Battery ni vichi na umo mungalekera (gulu la ndale)

Renogy {{{llit}} Lithiamu-Ion Vs. Kupambana kwa Acid Battery (renogy.com)