Kasi kugwiriskira ncito maselo ghakuyana wuli mu mabatire gha lithium?

Ndaŵa kuti nkhuchita batiri na kupanga BMS kwa vyaka pafupifupi 12. Nyengo yiliyose para munthu wanifumba kuti "ni kasi kulinganizga nadi?", nkhuŵalongora waka vithuzithuzi viŵiri: chimoza ni 2{3}} chaka-26 V e-bike pack kwambura kulinganizgika (hafu maselo pa 1.8 V, vinyake vyose pa 4.18 V), chinyake ni gulu limoza ilo lili na 100 mA balancer (maselo ghose ghachali mu 12 mV pamanyuma pa vyaka vitatu). Ndiyo fundo yose pa chithuzithuzi chimoza.

Mu mapaketi ghanadi, maselo ghakubabika mwakuyana yayi. Tengani 100 brand- viphya maselo gha Samsung 50E kufuma ku thireyi yimoza: nkhongono zakuthandazgika kanandi zikuŵa ±30 mAh, tekha -discharge rate yingaŵa yakupambana na 2-3 nyengo, ndipo kukana kwa mukati kungaŵa kwakupambanapambana 3-5 mΩ. Pamanyuma pa 200 strikes ŵakulopwa ŵakuwa kuseri chomene. Kwambura kulinganizgika, mtengo wa pack ukulongozgeka na selo yakulopwa comene iyo yikulaŵilira ndiposo selo lakukhora comene pa kufumiskika. Mukutaya 20–40 % nkhongono yakugwiriskira nchito mu chaka chakwamba pera.

Active Cell Balancing

Pali nthowa ziŵiri pera izo ŵanthu ŵakuyana kuti ŵakupanga vinthu:

Ici ndico 95 % ya mapaketi pasi pa 20 kWh kugwiriskira ncito.
Vips yeneco iyo muzamuwona pa mabodi:

TI BQ7662 / BQ769x3 / BQ78z100

Vipangizo vya Analog LT6804 / LTC6811 / LTC6813

MAX4920 / MAX14921

NXP MC33771 / MC337722

Chitsanzo chodzera chitsulo cha sonosono apa: 80-150 mA (BQ76952 yingakankhira 220 mA usange mukuyana na mapini ghaŵiri).
Mtengo wa resistor mu kupanga mu kupanga: pafupifupi nyengo zose 27 Ω panji 33 Ω 2512 1 W phukusi.
Ma settings gha Trigger agho nkhukhumba nadi:
Yambani kuseŵera kwa ndopa pa 15–25 mV pachanya pa paketi pa nyengo ya CV, lekani para delta wakukhira pasi pa 6-8 mV.
Usange mungayezga kucimbizga 2 mV muzamuphika waka pa bolodi kwamuyirayira.

Kutentha ni suzgo leneco. A 16s scooter pack na 100 mA kufuma ndopa kungataya 7-8 W mwakunyoloka pa BMS PCB. Ndicho chifukwa chake 20-dollar mabodi gha e-bike ghakuchimbira na kuphwanya pamanyuma pa chilimwe chimoza pa zuŵa.

Para mwaluta pachanya pa ~30 kWh pafupifupi waliyose wakusintha ku kugwira ntchito.

Viyelezgero vyanadi, viyerezgero vya caru cose ivyo navigaŵa:

Tesla Model / X (2012–2021): DC -DC njerwa pa HVJB, ~1 A pa module

BMW i3 (vyaka): module transformer module, 24-ku-1 ratio, pafupifupi 2 A .

Mapaketi gha BYD Blade: fly{0}} capacitor mabodi ghakuthemba pa Infineon TLF35568 kapangidwe ka referensi .

Vinyama vyakusungirako vya ku China: Vinyama vyakusungirako vya DC-DC vikusuntha 15–20 A pa chingwe chose cha 700 V string .

Off--shelf mabodi agho ŵanthu ŵakugura nadi:

1–2 AliExpress ya AliExpress yakubiriŵira- capacitor (awo ŵali na 8–16 maboti ghachoko waka)

Heltec / Oriza BMS Gen4 / REC Q / Dilithium: 5-8 A na kuzizima kwakwenelera

Cell Balancing

Ma OEM ghanandi ghakuyana waka pa 10-15 % ya SoC chifukwa mzere wa magesi ngwakuphapha chomene pasi pa 3.45 V (NMC) panji 3.40 V (LFP).
Tesla waits until >90 % EC ndipo yikuchimbira waka kulinganizga kwa 30-60 min ya charge.
Ma log ghane gha 2017 BMW i3 ghakulongora kuti msinkhu wa inductive ukuwuka waka apo delta > 30 mV na kupakira sonosono apa < 5 A.

Ndili na dulowa yakuzura na 2016–2018 low low -speed mapaketi gha EV kufuma ku charu chikuru cha China icho chikaponoska $ 0.80 mwa kufunyapo vyakukanizga vya ndopa. Pamanyuma pa myezi 18 maselo ghakulopwa ghakuluta ku viheni vyose ivyo vikufumamo, mkuwa ukusungunuka, vimiti vyakuvunda vikukura, vikusungunuka vyakupatulika, moto. Ndawonelera 72 V 20 Ah mapaketi ghakukhira ku 8-9 Ah ghakugwiriskirika nchito mu myezi 14. Slap $ 12 balancer pa iwo ndipo ŵakuwelera ku 18-19 Ah. Lesson wakasambira nthowa yakusuzga chomene.

Pafupi na 15 kWh → sitsive ndiyo yiwemi ndipo yizamukhala kwamuyirayira (ma scoots, vipangizo vya magesi, ma drone)

400 V+ or >50 kWh → kugwira ntchito panji mungasinthaniska ma module chaka chilichose

EV yiliyose iyo yikuguliskika makora mazuŵa ghano yikuyana waka. Chinthu chimoza pera icho chikusintha nchakuti usange ni 33 Ω resistor panji bolodi la $ 300 lakugwira ntchito.

Icho nchiyelezgero cha maselo. Palije chamasalamusi. Kukanizga waka maselo ghawemi kuti ghaleke kukoka na mubali yumoza waulesi uyo wakaghanaghana kuti wachekurenge mwaluŵiro.

Cell Balancing