Okay nthena... wakusintha.
Ine ndizamuyezga kulongosora ivi kwambura kusanga vyose vyaukadaulo chifukwa kuyowoya unenesko apo nkhamba kulaŵiska mu solar nga ni vyaka 4 ivyo vyajumphapo nkhani yiliyose iyo nkhaŵazga yikaŵa yipusu chomene ("izo zikusintha nkhongono!") panji ntheura nkhaŵa na mazgu gha uinjiniya agho nkhaŵa na glazed. Ntheura lemme yikusanga malo ghapakati pano.
Chithuzithuzi Palije Chilichose Kufika Panthazi
Inverter yikutora magesi ya DC na kughasintha kuŵa magesi gha AC. Ndiyo nchito yose.
DC= driad current (ivyo mapanelo gha zuŵa ghakupanga, ni mabatire agho ghakusunga)
AC=kusintha kwa magesi (ivyo nyumba yinu yikugwiriskira ncito, ivyo vikufuma mu malo ghakufumiramo)
Chifukwa wuli fundo iyi njakuzirwa? Chifukwa nadi vyose mu nyumba yinu, furiji yinu, TV, charger ya foni, nyali yakuzizika kufuma ku IKEA -- wose ŵakulindilira nkhongono za AC. Kweni mapanelo gha zuŵa ghakumupani CC. Ntheura chinthu chinyake chikwenera kusintha. Kuti chinthu chinyake ndicho inverter.
Nkhukumbuka kuti mubwezi wane Jake (ni uyo wakaninjizga mu chinthu chose ichi cha zuŵa) wakayezga kunilongosolera ichi pa barbecue ndipo nkhaŵa nga ni "okay kweni chifukwa wuli mapanelo gha zuŵa ghangapanga waka AC waka mwaluŵiro?" ndipo iyo waka... wakanipa kawonekero kane. Iwo ŵakuti ni sayansi. Maselo gha zuŵa ghakupanga DC. Nyengo. Nkhutondeka kusintha nthena. Ntheura inverter ndimo viliri.
Mitundu ya Ŵakuvumbulika (na Chifukwa Icho Chikupangiska Kusokonezga Mwaluŵiro)
Chakwenelera ntheura pali mitundu 3 yikuru, panji 4 usange mukukhumba kusankhapo.
Kuloŵezga Kwa String (Fumu "Traditional" Setup)
Ichi ndicho ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakughanaghana. Bokosi limoza, kanandi pafupi na nyumba yinu panji mu garaji, likukhwaska mapanelo ghinu ghose.
Mzengezgani wane Dave wali na ndondomeko iyi. Waŵa na mapanelo 20 agho nkhughanaghana? Panji 18. Nangauli vili nthena, inverter yimoza. Muŵike pafupifupi $ 1,800 kwa inverter yekha, ndipo pamanyuma pake $ 1,200 panji kujumphirapo kuti muŵike. Kampani yake ya zuŵa yikayezga kumukhuŵazga pa ma microinverters kweni wakaŵa nga ni nah ine ndine muwemi.
Kugwira ntchito makora... m’paka apo vileke. Apa pali chinthu -- usange inverter yimoza yikukhwaska (ndipo iwo ŵakuchita, kanandi pafupifupi chaka 10-ish kufuma ku ivyo nawona), dongosolo linu lose lili pasi. Kweni... kanthu yayi. Palije mtundu wa magesi mpaka apo mupokere kusintha. Dave wachali kwenda mwakukhora pamanyuma pa vyaka 3 nangauli nthena .kugogogo pa nkhuni.
Oh ndipo chinthu chinyake na vingwe vyakukhozga -- usange chigaŵa chimoza chili na mthunzi panji wakufipirwa panji viyuni vya mtundu wa poops pa iyo (kukhuŵara chomene kuluska umo mungaghanaghanirapo), vikukoka pasi chingwe chose. Icho chili nga ni magesi gha Khisimasi kufuma mu 90s apo babu yimoza yikufwa ndipo chingwe chose chikuluta ku mdima. Ni fundo yiheni comene yayi, kweni yikuyana waka.
Ŵanthu awo ŵakulaŵilira ntchito (Icho Chikachitika na Kinda Na Kukana Kweni Kweniso Mungachitanga yayi?)
Ntheura m’malo mwa kuŵa na inverter yikuru yimoza, mukuŵika kachirombo kachoko waka ka inverter kumanyuma kwa panelo yiliyose. Paneli yiliyose yikuchita DC yake ku kusintha kwa AC penepara padenga.
Nkhaluta na makompyuta gha Enphaca. IQ8+ usange waliyose wakughanaghanira chiyelezgero. Kwa ndondomeko yane ya 15-panel iyo yikaŵa...checks zakale ....$4,280 kwa ma microinverters pera. Ouch. Enya. Nthowa yakudura chomene kuluska inverter ya chingwe yingaŵa kuti yikaŵa.
Kweni apa ndipo nkhudandawurapo yayi:
Usange panelo yimoza yili na masuzgo, ŵanyake 14 ŵakulutilira kugwira ntchito makora. Kuŵa na wanangwa wa panel.
Kuwoneseska ni kwakusazgirapo -- Nkhuwona nadi ivyo panelo yiliyose yikupanga mu nyengo yeneco pa foni yane. (Enya nkhuwona zuŵa lililose: Enya muwoli wane wakuniseka chifukwa cha ichi.)
Iwo ŵakwenera kukhala vyaka 25 na garanti ntheura... mu fundo nizamukhumbikwira yayi kuŵatimbanizga.
Kasi muli pasi?
Kulimbikira (kasi nkhayowoyapo kale?)
Usange yumoza wakufwa, munthu munyake uyo wakwenera kufika pa denga linu kuti waŵikepo. Na chingwe cha inverter ni malo -2 bokosi kusinthaniska.
Kuwoneseska kukuzgoka kwakusuzga chomene. Nga ni umo sono nkhumanyira kuti kumafumiro gha dazi kwane - facing panel #4 yikupanga 8% yichoko kuluska iyo yikwenera ndipo yikunipangiska kuti niŵe wakupenga kweni wakukwana yayi kuti nichitenge chilichose pa iyo.
Mabizinesi gha Hybrid / Battery{0}}Mabizinesi gha ŵalendo / Chilichose Ŵakuguliska
Ivi ndivyo vingaŵawovwira kuti ŵakwaniske kugwira ntchito na mabatire gha zuŵa na zuŵa.
Usange mukupokera chinthu chinyake nga ni Tesla Powerwall panji mabatire gha Enphase agha panji chilichose, mukukhumba chimoza mwa ivi. Panji nadi -- chiŵembu - Powerwall 3 ili na IN iyi yakuzengeka iyo njakutowa chomene. Muli na vigaŵa vinandi yayi pamoza.
Ine nkhaluta yayi mu nthowa iyi chifukwa mabatire ghakaŵa ghambura kupulikikwa mu 2021. Nga ni $ 15k pa batire pera kusazgapo kuŵika. Ine nkhaŵa kale na ndalama zakupokera pa mapanelo na ma microinverters ntheura nkhaŵa nga ni yeah yayi tiyeni tijumphepo pa nyengo yasono.
Kuluta kunthazi mwaluŵiro ku chaka chajumpha (2024) ndipo tikaŵa na vyakuguzira ivi mu chilimwe, ndipo nkhukhala waka na $ 25k mtengo wa mapanelo gha zuŵa agho ghangakwaniska yayi kusunga furiji yane chifukwa iwo - shat para grid yikukhira (chinthu chakuvikilirika, chikuteteza ŵanchito ŵa magesi, nkhuchisanga kweni nkhuŵa kuti nkhuyamwa), ndipo nkhughanaghana... panji nkhwenera kusanga batiri.
Iwo ŵachali kukoka yayi trigger iyo. Icho chili nga ni $ 21-15k yinyake ndipo nkhwenera kukhorweska muwoli wane kuti "nchakuzirwa" iyo njakusuzga kuguliska apo nkhongono zikufuma waka nyengo zichoko waka pa chaka.
Nthowa za Nkhongono na Why Isn Kukwaniskika yayi (Panyake)
Okay ntheura awo ŵakunjilirapo ŵali na nkhongono zakupimika mu watts panji kilowatts. Mukwenera kuyana na ivi kuti...... glowe wuli, kuti mungagwiliskira nchito nkhongono zinandi pa nyengo yimoza.
Ma inverter ghane ghakuŵikamo vingwe kanandi ghakuŵa na 5kW panji 6kW inverters. Ma microinverter ghane ghakukhazikika mwaluso 3.96kW yose pamoza (264W pa panel x 15 mapanelo) kweni ni vyakuyana yayi chifukwa... nadi mukumanya ivyo nizamunjira mu utheka pa ichi, mtundu wakupambanapambana.
Icho nchakuzirwa nchakuti: Kasi mungacita vinthu vinu vyose?
Tiyelezgere kuti mukucimbira:
Fridge (7000 yikuchimbira, kweni nga ni 2000W apo kompyuta yikwamba -- enya ndicho chinthu)
Microwave (1200W)
Kuŵala (panji 100W usange mukugwiriskira ncito ma LED agho mukwenera kuŵa)
TV + router + chilichose (300W)
Window AC unit (1500W)
Icho nchinthu cha 3800W chakulutilira usange vyose vikuchitika nyengo yimoza, kweni kukwera kwa furiji uko kukukutolerani ku 5100W kwa sekondi yimoza.
Ntheura mukukhumbikwira inverte kuti yingakwaniska kunyamura katundu wakulutilira, ndipo nchakwenelera kuti yiŵe na malo ghanyake ghakulongozgera pa mtunda wa startup. Ma inverter ghanandi ghawemi ghangakwaniska 120-150% kukwera kwa masekondi ghachoko waka.
Nkhasambira ivi mu nthowa yakusuzga -- makora, ine yayi, kweni mubwezi wane Tom. Wakapokera inverter yakutchipa ya 3000W ya RV yake yakukhazikika ndipo wakajifumbanga chifukwa icho chikalutilira kuzima apo wakachimbiranga microwave. Iwo ŵakasintha microwave yake yikakoka 1200W kweni inverter yikakwaniska kuchita waka 3000W kuti yiŵe yakulutilira ndipo yikaŵa na shitty surge wigy. Furiji yake pamoza na microwawa pamoza yikajumpha ivyo yikakwaniska. $300 inverty pasi pa chimbuzi, chikakhumbikwiranga kusintha ku 4000W unit.
Grid {{{llim}} Tilied Chinthu Icho chikanisokonezga kwa Mwezi wa 6
Solar yinandi yakukhalamo ni "grrid- kung'anamura kuti inverter syncs yinu na gridi ya utility. Ŵakuteŵetera lumoza. Para mukupanga nkhongono zinandi kuluska umo mukugwiriskira ncito, vyakujumphapo vikuluta ku gridi (ndipo mwakuyana na nchito yinu, mukupokera ngongoli). Para mukukhumba nkhongono zinandi kuluska izo mukupanga, mukukoka kufuma pa gridi.
Ichi ndicho nili nacho. Ntchito yikuru 99% ya nyengo.
Kweni - ndipo ichi nchakuzirwa -- ma inverter ghakuŵikika pa gridi ghakujara OFF para gridi yakhira. Nanga ni para ni zuŵa lakutowa la zuŵa ndipo mapanelo ghinu ghakuŵika nkhongono. Inverter wakuwona yayi chimanyikwiro cha gridi ndipo wakuluta "nope, ine ndine kuwaro" ndipo wakujara.
Nkhapulikiskanga yayi fundo iyi apo nkhapokeraso zuŵa. Nkhaghanaghananga kuti mapanelo gha zuŵa ghakung’anamura kuti niŵenge na nkhongono pa nyengo ya blackots. CHIHENI. Mukukhumbikwira batiri iyo yili na switch yapadera yakusinthira kuti muŵe na nkhongono pa nyengo ya kuzgeŵa. Icho nchinthu chinyake chakupambana chomene icho chikukhumbikwira ndalama zinandi.
Paliso-grid inverters ya vipinda na vinthu ivyo vikukolerana yayi na vyakugwiriskira ntchito, kweni ndivyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakukhumba yayi. Iwo mbakusuzga chomene chifukwa ŵakwenera kulongozga vyose ŵekha-- kupanga 60Hz AC pafupipafupi, kulongozga magesi, na vinyake.
Kugwira ntchito (AKA Ŵanyako ŵa Nerd Specs Pakukhwaskana na)
Ma inverters ghakugwira ntchito makora yayi 100%. Nkhongono zinyake zikutayika nga ni kutentha pa nyengo yakusintha. Ni sayansi pera.
Ma inverter ghawemi ghanandi ghakugwira ntchito makora 96-97%. Ŵanyake ŵakuti 98% (Elphase wakuti 97.6% ya yane).
Kasi nkhani iyi? Ehhh... kinda?
Nga ni pa pepara, 96% inverter inverter vs a 98% yakugwira ntchito yimoza -- pa 10,000 kWh / chaka cha dongosolo ilo likupambana na 200 kWh. Pa $ 0.15 / / WWh ndiyo $ 30 / chaka. Vilimika vyakujumpha 25 ivyo ni $ 750. Palije kanthu, kweni na kuphwanya mgwirizano yayi.
Ivyo nkhughanaghana kuti ni vyakuzirwa chomene ni ntchito yiwemi pa katundu wa chigaŵa. Ma inverter ghanyake ghakugwira ntchito makora chomene pa nkhongono ya max kweni pamanyuma ghakukhira ku 85% yakunozga apo mukukoka waka 10% ya nkhongono zakupimika. Icho nchakuzirwa chomene chifukwa nyengo zinandi mukupanga yayi ndondomeko -- mukupanga / kugwiriskira ncito nkhongono za cigaŵa.
Kweni kuyowoya unenesko... Nkhugona yayi pa nkhani iyi. Usange mukulaŵiska pa invertors mu 95-98% mtundu, muli makora. Lekani kuzomerezga kuti solar forrant nerds kumuphalirani vinyake (ndipo nkhuti nga ni munthu uyo wali nadi kuti wakususkana pa nkhani iyi pa Intaneti pa 2 koloko mulenji).
Mitengo Yakuŵika Vinthu Vilije Ivyo Ŵakulongosora Mukuyowoya .
Apa ndipo nkhawotcheka pachoko. Mazgu gha inverter ghakaŵa chinthu chimoza. Mtengo weneco waumaliro ukaŵa... wakupambana.
Mazgu ghane ghakuŵikamo zuŵa ghakati:
Mapanelo 15: $12,000
Ŵanthu awo ŵakuchemeka mailosi: $4,280
Ntchito ya kuŵika: $3,500
Vipharazgo: $40 .
Total: $20,180
Mtengo waumaliro: $24,680
Chifukwa wuli? Chifukwa:
Panel yane ya magesi yikakhumbikwiranga kusintha ($ 1,800 -- yikaŵa panelo yakale ya 100A, yikakhumbikwiranga 200A) .
Wakukhumbikwira sub- panel ya ma circuit ghakusungamo "apo tili pa iyo" ($750)
Malipiro ghakuwonera msumba ghakaŵa ghakukwana pafupifupi ($150 yakusazgikira)
Kuchimbira kunyake kukamara nyengo yitali kuluska umo ŵakaghanaghaniranga ($300)
Vinthu vyambura kwenelera ($400)
Ine nkhuyowoya kuti ŵakunikaka yayi -- vinandi vya ivi vikaŵa vinthu vyakuzomerezgeka ivyo vikiza pa nyengo ya kuŵika. Kweni nkhukhumba kuti munthu munyake waniphalire kuti niŵe na ndalama zakukwana 20% za "vinthu ivyo vikwiza."
Kweniso - ndipo ichi chingaŵa waka malo ghane -- kweni kusanga viphaso kukatora FOR-EVER. Nga ni masabata 6. Kuŵika kwake kukaŵa kwa mazuŵa ghaŵiri. Kulindilira kuti msumba wazomerezgeke ukaŵa mwezi na hafu. Mukwenera kunozga nthena.
Nthowa Yakupangira (Binging Kweni Kukhumbikwa Kwakuzirwa)
Ma inverters gha vingwe: kanandi wa vyaka 10-12 wa garanti, kanandi wangafika pa vyaka 20-25 pa malipiro .
Ŵanthu awo ŵakulaŵilira ntchito zapakati: Kanandi vyaka 25 ivyo ŵali navyo .
Apa pali chinthu nangauli -- chigomezgo nchawemi waka nga ni kampani iyo yikukhozgera. Ndawonelera makampani ghatatu ghakunjilirapo ghakuluta ku bankrupt mu vyaka 5 ivyo vyajumpha. Usange muli na chigomezgo kufuma ku kampani iyo yilipo yayi, kuwonga, muli na pepala lambura kuzirwa.
Muŵe na mazina ghakuru:
Enphase (milonga)
SolarEdge (kulimbikiska vingwe + vyakunozga)
SMA (kusisita kwa chingwe)
Fronius (kusida inverters)
Generac (kulota kwa hybrid / battery)
Kasi pali vyakusankha vyakutchipa? Yep. Kasi mukwenera kuŵika pangozi? Ine ningachita yayi. Neba wane wakapokera no{2}}nath zina la China kuti waponoske $ 600. Likafwa mu chaka cha 3. Kampani yiliposo yayi. Wakalipira ndalama zakukwana madola 1,400 kuti wasinthe na SolarEdge. Usambazi wautesi.
Mapulogalamu ghakuwonerapo ghakuwonekera
Nkhugwiliskira ntchito Enphase zuŵa lililose. Nga umo nkhayowoyera, muwoli wane wakuniseka chifukwa cha ichi, kweni chilichose.
Mungawona:
Kupangika kwa panelo yiliyose mu unenesko (0}} nyengo
Data ya mbiri yikawelera kumanyuma kwa vyaka
Kasi ni mapanelo wuli agho ghakuchita makora yayi
Kuchenjezgeka kwa umoyo wa dongosolo
Ni vyakovwira nadi. Nga ni mwezi wajumpha nkhawona kuti paneli 7 yikakhira kufika pa 60% ya ivyo yikafumamo. Nthambi ya khuni iyo yikawa pa nyengo ya chimphepo. Kwambura kuwoneseska ningamanya yayi kwa masabata ghanandi.
Data nerd mu ine wakutemwa vinthu ivi. Ndili na ma spreadsheet. Nkhulondezga kusintha kwa nyengo. Nkhumanya kuti ndondomeko yane yikupanga 1,247 kWh mu Julayi pa avereji na 412 kWh mu Disembala. Ndine... ningaŵa na suzgo.
Kweniso ni ndondomeko yinu, mukalipiranga ndalama ziwemi, mungamanyaso umo yikuchitira.
Masuzgo ghakumanyikwa agho nafikapo na Kuwoneka
WiFi kulumikizgana-- Inverter yane yikuleka kulumikizgana na WiFi nga ni kamoza pa mwezi. Mukwenera kuŵikaso. Suzgo lakwamba la caru cose kweni likukwiyiska. Nkhasambira kukhala nayo waka.
Vinthu vyasono-- Elphase wakukankhira vinthu viphya nyengo zinyake ndipo nyengo zinyake ŵakuviŵika njerwa. Pakuti nkhaŵa na mtundu wane (chigaŵa cha kuyowoyeskana) kamoza, wakakhumbikwiranga kusanga tech kuti wayiŵikeso. Icho chikaŵa chakukondweska (chikaŵa chakukondweska yayi).
kuzungulira- Usange inverter yinu yili pa zuŵa lakudunjika panji mu malo ghakujalirika, yizamutenthemeska chomene na kuvunda panji kujara. Mgodi uli mu garaji uwo ukukhala wakuzizima chomene kweni munyane wa chingwe cha mubwezi wane wali pa mtenje wakulaŵiska kumwera ndipo wali na masuzgo mu chilimwe. Ŵapeni mthunzi usange mungakwaniska.
Grid wakugaŵa nkhani-- Nyengo zinyake inverter yikughanaghana kuti yikuwona suzgo la gridi apo palije na kujara. Wanichitikira kaŵiri kwa vyaka 4. Kanandi ŵakukhumbikwira waka kuŵaso.
Kujara mwaluŵiro- Khodi yiphya yikukhumbikwira vigaŵa vyakujalira mwaluŵiro (ntheura awo ŵakuzimya moto ŵangakoma ndondomeko yinu mwaluŵiro usange vikukhumbikwa). Nyengo zinyake vinthu ivi vyautesi. Kupweteka mu mbunda ya suzgo chifukwa makhodi ghakubudika gha cryptic.
Palije chimoza mwa ivi icho ntchakumalizgirapo cha charu, waka... vinthu vya umoyo weneco ivyo vikuchitika.
Ndiyo Icho Chikuchitika Chili?
kutambala vyara chifukwa ichi chikukhala nyengo yitali .
Wonani, ndine $24,680 mu chinthu ichi cha zuŵa. Malipiro ghane gha magesi ghakafuma pa $ 180 / mwezi pafupifupi kufika pa mtengo wa $ 15 wa kulumikizgana waka. Ntheura nkhusunga pafupifupi $165 / mwezi=$ 1,980 / chaka.
Nyengo ya kulipira: Vilimika 12.5
Kuwonjezera mu batire ine ndikwenera kuti pamanyuma pake nizamusanga: nga ni 18-20 vyaka vyakuwelera.
Pa ndalama? Vili makora. Nchakuzizika yayi. Ine nkhupokera chuma yayi. Kweni mu vyaka 10 vyane vya magesi gha ŵazengezgani ŵane ŵakwera na 50% (vikuwoneka kuti) ndipo vyane vyakhalako yayi, vizamuwoneka makora.
Non- Fincinative vifukwa nkhukondwa kuti nkhachita:
Kujilambika kwa chilengiwa kukachitika
Kujipulika makora kupanga nkhongono zane
Fun tech toy kuti yiseŵerenge na (kuwonelera, kukhozga, vyose ivi)
Para gridi yikukhira ndipo pamanyuma pake nkhupokera batire ilo... kukhorwa na smug
Yayi- Fincination vifukwa nyengo zinyake nkhudandawura navyo:
Crap yituŵa iyo yikaŵa yakudura
Ni "chiŵike na kuchiluwa" yayi nga umo nkhaghanaghaniranga .
HOA wakanipa chitima chifukwa cha mapanelo (tikagwira ntchito kweni nangauli vikaŵa nthena)
Inverter mwakudunjika? Lutani na mtundu. Icho ndicho chinthu chikuru chomene. Lekani kutchipa. Lembani. Kuchita makora. Ndipo bajeti kuluska iyo yikuyowoya za imwe chifukwa chinthu chinyake chikwiza nyengo zose.
Chinthu Chakukwana Chomenecho Chingamanya Kumanya
Oh ndipo usange mukumalizga kusanga batire pasi pa mzere -- wonaniionic lithium batiivyo mungasankha. Iwo ŵakuŵa ŵakupepuka, ŵakulipira mwaluŵiro, ndipo ŵalije nkhani zakutentha zakutentha izo makemikolo ghanyake ghakale gha batire ghali nazo. Tikukhumba munthu munyake wakaniphalirapo pambere nindambe kuŵika mitengo yakulongozga -} acid systems nga ni mphanji.
